Yersinia Pestis Nucleic Acid

Yersinia pestis, commonly known as Yersinia pestis, reproduces rapidly and has high virulence, which is the common pathogenic bacteria of plague among rats and plague among humans. There are three main routes of transmission: ①transmission through the skin: infection through damaged skin and mucous membranes due to contact with the patient's sputum and pus containing bacteria, or with the animal skin, blood, meat, and with stools of the plague fleas; ②transmission through the digestive tract: infection through the digestive tract due to eat the contaminated animals; ③transmission through the respiratory tract: bacteria-containing sputum, droplets or dust that spread through respiratory droplets, cause a pandemic among humans. There have been three major pandemics of plague in human history, the first being the "Plague of Justinian" in the 6th century; followed by the "Black Death" that killed nearly 1/3 of the European population in the 14th century; the third pandemic started in Yunnan Province, China in the 19th century, then swept across southern China and spread to Hong Kong and even the world. During these three pandemics, more than 100 million people lost their lives.